Bankruptcy, Business and Estate Planning. Last Updated: November 17, 2023. Elmiron eye lawyers believe that filing Elmiron lawsuits in New York is the only effective method to seek compensation for the harm resulting from this dangerous drug. 7% of patients who took between 4. Elmiron is a drug prescribed to treat interstitial. We have recovered over $750 million in lawsuits involving 18 wheeler trucking litigation, wrongful death litigation, commercial vehicle litigation, motorcycle litigation, catastrophic litigation, and mass torts involving medical devices and bad drug litigation. Home; Services. Call us immediately to discuss your Elmiron injury case. Call (919) 876-3020 and let’s review your claim. Elmiron users may be entitled to seek compensation for medical bills / medical expenses by filing a lawsuit and our San Diego Elmiron Drug Lawyer can help. The Chris Hudson Law Group is here for you. That increases the total number of plaintiffs to 1,889. The Product Liability Litigation Group at Schmidt & Clark, LLP is an experienced team of plaintiffs' lawyers that focus on the representation of plaintiffs in 3M Ear Plug lawsuits. Is Elmiron recalled? 5. Over 30 years experience helping the people in and around Augusta. Retained Lipton, Katz, Boston law firm for a divorce case. It is also different from a neighbor. Georgia State University College of Law. Edwardsville Premises Liability Cases. Please call (919) 876-3020 and let a personal injury attorney at Riddle & Brantley review your claim for free. Elmiron has been linked to maculopathy which can cause vision loss and can lead to. Divorce Lawyers at 601 North Belair Square, Suite 7, Augusta, GA 30809-4322. The drug is primarily used to treat interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS), a chronic bladder health issue. 2918 Professional Parkway, Suite 275, Augusta, GA. This page provides the latest news and updates on the Elmiron class action lawsuit and provides our prediction of the settlement amounts, vision loss, and blindness victims who bring an Elmiron lawsuit will ultimately receive. 706-550-9106. Elmiron, generic name Pentosan, is a prescription drug that treats bladder conditions and discomfort as well as acting as a blood thinner. 511 Courthouse Lane, Augusta, GA 30901. A Law Firm practicing Criminal Law. Other Dangerous Drugs. Elmiron is a prescription medication that is also known as pentosan polysulfate sodium or PPS. Just call (856) 644-5445 for. April 18, 2023 – New Elmiron Lawsuits Filed as Settlement Looms. Capers, Dunbar, Sanders & Bellotti, LLP. If you were prescribed Elmiron and developed an eye injury or vision problem, please contact us at 1. Discover Exactech lawsuit settlement amounts and payouts. Liab. FREE Case Review. Call The Hawk Firm today at 706-429-5529 for a free one-on-one consultation. Christopher J. 280 – Represented men and women injured as a result of. Consultations can be scheduled on-site at Attorney Kenneth M. Divorce Lawyers; Family Lawyers;Best Lawyers in Augusta, GA - Nash Law Office, Keith B Johnson, Shawn P Hammond & Associates, The Bell Firm, The Hawk Firm, The Law Offices of Nathan M Jolles, Hawk Law Group, Rhodes Law Firm, Bellotti Amanda Medlin Atty, Frails & Wilson Attorneys at Law. If your family member or a loved one was injured by nursing home negligence, The lawyers at Saiontz & Kirk, P. The plaintiffs claim they suffered hearing loss and tinnitus caused by defective earplug use. 800-620-0900. Free Confidential Case Evaluation To contact us for a free review of your potential case, please fill out the form below or call us toll free 24 hrs/day by dialing: (866) 588-0600 . Statute. On this page, we'll discuss the important factors that go into determing the Camp Lejeune Lawsuit payout per person, the. In worst-case scenarios, you could lose your vision entirely. Free Consultation. Mikolay was charged at the direction of the Albemarle County Commonwealth’s Attorney. Nationally recognized drug recall lawyer discusses reasons for FDA drug recalls and how to file a drug recall lawsuit. Our lawyers believe that the Elmiron class action lawsuit will be resolved in a settlement in 2023. Our Elmiron lawyers represent bladder pain and interstitial cystitis patients suffering maculopathy or related eye trouble. If it’s more convenient for you, we will send a top-rated WV car accident lawyer to you. If you had vision loss, blindness, macular degeneration, or eye problems from Elmiron, contact our Texas lawyers for lawsuit info at (866) 879-3040. January 25, 2022. What’s our secret to recovering over $800,000,000 for. Not enough matches for Augusta Elmiron lawyer. elementor-element-157c53a{--align-items:stretch;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var. Call Now: (888) 510-9251. Now that you know about the connection between Elmiron and vision injuries, the first step is to see a doctor. Send Us Email. Class action lawyers are usually paid on a contingency basis. Nahon, Saharovich & Trotz is currently evaluating cases on behalf of people diagnosed with Pigmentary Maculopathy or experiencing blindness or other symptoms following their use of Elmiron. Get legal answers using LawInfo's free legal resources including topic overviews, videos, free. 888-596-6590. We believe that most Elmiron lawsuits will be settled in 2023, possibly this spring. Victoza Lawsuit. If you suspect a bed bug infestation in your unit or building, contact your landlord or manager right away. Get a Free Personal Injury Case Review Get Started Now. Potential Hair Straightening Cancer Lawsuit Settlement Amounts. The Zantac lawsuit is ongoing and lawyers across the country are still accepting cases. On February 19, District Judge Leigh Martin May appointed attorneys from two law firms to serve as co-lead counsel for the more than 120 cases that have been consolidated in the multidistrict litigation pending in the Northern District of Georgia. § 44-7-20). The Elmiron lawsuit lawyers of Davis, Saperstein & Salomon, P. Janice Carlson. Settlement Range. Personal Injury. Electric scooters can legally be ridden on sidewalks in only five states: Arizona, Iowa, Louisiana, Rhode Island, and Virginia. Edwardsville, IL 62025. See the Georgia state court website for more details on small claims lawsuits rules and procedures. If you or a loved one took Elmiron and subsequently suffered vision loss, blindness, or any other eye injury linked to the prescription drug. The Gunn Law Firm LLC. The Augusta Regional Dental Clinic received a $75,000 grant to keep one of its staff members on board. Contact. Talk with Doctor. The most common version of Elmiron is covered by over 95% of insurance plans. A Law Firm practicing Personal Injury law. Our phone number is (888) 424-5757. Contents. We are experts in the laws that protect bicyclists and we understand the unique hazards you face. How an Elmiron Lawyer Can Help. Dr. Email Us. Vision loss PORT WASHINGTON, NY - July 8, 2020 - According to an online press release published on PRNewswire. We have recovered over $1 Billion in lawsuits involving personal injury, wrongful death, social security disability, and mass torts. Lawyers: Clayton L. You don't need a lawyer—in fact, they're not even allowed in some cases. If you or a loved one have been prescribed Elmiron and suffered eye damage such as blindness or vision loss, protect your legal rights by contacting Parker Waichman by calling 1-800-YOUR-LAWYER ( 1-800-968-7529) for a free case review today. Elmiron is a prescription medication approved by the FDA to treat regional bladder and pelvic pain associated with interstitial cystitis (IC) – including bladder pain syndrome (BPS), chronic pelvic pain (CPP), and painful bladder syndrome (PBS). Dangerous Drugs & Medical Devices. Monsanto Roundup Lawsuits are being filed with that goal. Schuerger Shunnarah Trial Attorneys is a law firm that helps victims who have been involved in some type of accident. Find your Georgia Elmiron lawyer on Lawyer. Mady Calloway. Douglasville, GA. Were You the Victim of a Serious Injury?Practice areas for you. 5 Million. 7% of patients who took 13. A daycare injury lawyer can use their knowledge of the law to circumnavigate these obstacles and formulate the strongest case possible against the daycare provider. The three opthamologists found that 25% of patients who had taken high doses of Elmiron had developed retinal damage. Levy; Dennis C. Takeaway: Elmiron has only been approved for 24 years. fierce and fearless advocates against the heartless insurance companies. We have bankruptcy lawyers, round up lawyers, Elmiron lawyers, and attorneys to help you with your legal issues. We are working with experienced Elmiron lawyers across the country, who charge no fee to you unless you obtain an award or settlement. This includes instances such as speeding, not following traffic signals. Lawyers: Clayton L. Call our St. Our personal injury lawyers are available 24/7 and are prepared to fight for the financial. The pharmaceutical company may not have warned you adequately of the link between Elmiron® and Retinal Maculopathy. Birmingham School of Law University of Alabama - Huntsville Alabama Better Business Bureau of North Alabama, Avvo, Avvo and Martindale-Hubbell Alabama State Bar Meet Our Team of Attorneys. In fact, prescription drugs accounted for $328. We believe that most Elmiron lawsuits will be settled in 2023, possibly this spring. View Website View Lawyer Profile Email Lawyer. Call (212) 684-1880 to learn more during a free and confidential consultation. In light of the Tylenol Autism Lawsuit being in its early stages, our Tylenol Attorneys estimate that potential settlement amounts for an individual Tylenol Autism Lawsuit could range between $50,000 to over $300,000. Lawyers: Shawn P. The risk of Parkinson’s Disease was 70% greater for Camp Lejeune veterans in. Contact. There is no limit in eviction cases. Car accident Lawyer Licensed for 32 years. 4 9 peer. Free Help: Use This Form or Call 800-620-0900. For a free consultation with our Elmiron lawsuit attorneys, please call our Elmiron lawyers at 713-622-7271 or fill out the form below. The Elmiron Lawsuit is ongoing, and THL’s team of Elmiron Lawyers are still accepting clients in all 50 states. Home; Legal Services. Johnson and Johnson settled the case just hours into opening arguments. ) See a Doctor. Medication toxicity from Elmiron may cause you to experience vision loss, vision impairment, halo vision, unilateral or bilateral blindness, scotomas, metamorphopsia, or blurred vision. Alexander Shunnarah Injury Lawyers is known nationwide for providing outstanding legal advice and excellent representation. A trial is a last-case scenario and should be avoided as much as possible. Before initiating the VA claims process, it’s recommended to seek legal assistance from an attorney who’s experienced in AFFF foam lawsuits. Free Consultation Offers Video Conferencing Personal Injury and Workers' Comp. His practice is focused on business transactions and advising business owners. State Laws on Unconditional Quit Terminations: State. According to the Illinois Department of Transportation 2019 report, motorcyclist fatalities accounted for 14. Elmiron vision loss symptoms you should be aware of include difficulty reading, eye pain,. Sgt. Elmiron lawsuits against the drugmaker, Johnson & Johnson, are the most effective means for consumers in Austin to recover compensation and hold the company accountable. November 2023 Update: The Elmiron MDL is showing signs of conclusion, with a decrease of 4 cases, marking the first monthly reduction in pending cases. Worked with Karen Boston in the beginning, and she is an excellent attorney. She understands that modern litigation is not limited to the four walls of a courtroom, but very often plays out in the. Elmiron Lawyers in New Augusta at Attorney Motion are ready to help with the Elmiron lawsuit. 800-620-0900. Elmiron is a prescription medication from Janssen Pharmaceuticals, and it is aimed to treat a bladder condition known as Interstitial Cystitis. Augusta-Richmond County (Balance), GA 30909. (256)288-3861 Ext. 41. Attorney Tim Kenlan represents clients with personal injury and product liability claims, and has extensive experience handling insurance coverage issues. Deceptive or false advertising can lead consumers to purchase products. Contact Us Now. The Elmiron lawsuit lawyers of Davis, Saperstein & Salomon, P. IC is a very poorly understood condition, the symptoms of which include chronic bladder pain, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, and painful sexual intercourse. Insurance Disputes. Difficulty reading. Punitive damages against Janssen Pharmaceuticals. A bellwether trial is a test trial that gives everyone in a lawsuit an idea of what to expect moving forward. Avvo Rating: 10. Call Now: (888) 510-9251. Call Us Today! 833-426-0804. Alexander Shunnarah Trial Attorneys is known nationwide for providing outstanding legal advice and excellent representation. , Jan. Henry D. Arizona Elmiron Lawsuits for Eye Damage or Vision Loss. Furthermore, it is an unfortunate fact that the threat of litigation is often the only effective way to pressure a large company to prioritize consumer safety over profits. Wilson has more than 25 years of experience representing workers who developed mesothelioma and asbestosis. Attorney Brian King is an experienced corporate and business lawyer. Tim attended the University of Maine School of Law where he focused on litigation. Augusta, GA 30901. NEWARK, N. IC affects approximately a million Americans. The first of the three bellwether. Instead, she alleges, she suffered severe stomach cramping, vomiting and. If you or a loved one took Elmiron and subsequently suffered vision loss, blindness, or any other eye injury linked to the prescription drug. Call (706) 510-3512 Message Website. The Camp Lejeune water contamination lawsuit is a legal action against the U. Bankruptcy Lawyers at 504 Blackburn Drive, Augusta, GA 30907. Have Elmiron lawyers won settlements yet? 6. C. S. If you have been involved in a pedestrian accident, you should: Contact an attorney, call Patterson Legal Group, LC at 888-687-2400. Free Consultation. Premises Liability. In addition, car accident lawyers are personal injury lawyers who specialize in car accident cases. Personal Injury. For a free confidential consultation with Elmiron Lawyers at our law firm, please call (800) 315-3806 or submit an email. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of American giant Johnson & Johnson, is the main. com. Car accident lawyers know the Florida laws and federal laws that apply to your case. July 21, 2021 Johnson & Johnson Sued Over Retina Damaging Drug. Motley Rice medical attorneys filed a lawsuit on Sept. Consumers who took the prescription drug for birth control said they experienced blood clots. The Purpose of a Bellwether Trial. In 2018 and 2019, there were 23 and 24 fatal wrecks in the city, respectively. Elmiron Vision Loss Lawsuit - Talk to Lawyers Attorneys Team with 38 Years of Experience No Fees Unless You Win - Free Case Review - Nationwide 1-800-883-9858Elmiron yields $150 million in annual sales, and critics say Janssen Pharmaceuticals knew or should have known of this serious danger associated with the drug. If you are interested in consulting with our Elmiron litigation team please call us, toll-free, at 1-800-461-6166. Alexander Shunnarah Trial Attorneys is known nationwide for providing outstanding legal advice and excellent representation. A civil lawsuit, which is sometimes also called civil litigation, is a lawsuit based on non-criminal statutes, meaning it is a completely separate entity from criminal proceedings or criminal court. RF Exposure Lab researchers found that the iPhone 11 omits radiofrequency radiation (rf) levels over two times higher than the limit deemed safe by federal agencies. Clayton, MO 63105. Tiffini Kay Duncan. Russell Wilson Crumbley. Contact us today by calling (866) 575-7435 or by using our online form. Please search by entering criteria below. Special rules apply to drivers who are 40 and older who seek to renew their licenses. The most recent of these include: Santa Rosa County, FL: $8. Difficulty seeing objects close up. In Georgia, a landlord can evict a tenant for a variety of reasons, including failure to pay rent or violation of a lease or rental agreement term. Inhalation of AFFF foam or its vapors can irritate the respiratory system, leading to coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Factor: Long Duration of Elmiron Use Associated With Eye Injury. AFFF Lawsuit settlement amounts rely upon the facts of an individual’s case,. 800-871-4962. In the first three months of 2017, more than 3,000 additional Risperdal lawsuits were filed in the Philadelphia. Hudson. , Case No. Augusta Regional Airport (AGS) is about 7 miles away. Contact the Elmiron Lawyers from TorHoerman Law. If you have been. Contact. Elmiron is a medication also known as pentosan polysulfate sodium. Dehydration and. Suite 3600. Reviews. Give a call for Elmiron defective drug lawyers, Elmiron eye damage lawyers, and hire professional local Elmiron eye injury lawyers. Arizona Elmiron Lawyers. Call us today at (205) 208-9588 for a free consultation. damages. 706-955-2909. It is a prescription drug that is primarily used to treat the pain and discomfort associated with interstitial cystitis, or IC. S. A bellwether trial is a test trial that gives everyone in a lawsuit an idea of what to expect moving forward. , having won many of the largest jury verdicts and settlements ever obtained for injured people in Maine. Elmiron works by attaching itself to the bladder’s wall, providing a buffer. Reviews. Divorce and Family. For a free (no obligation) case evaluation, call our toll-free number 24/7 at 1-800-992-6878 or fill out an online contact form. Lee A. The New Mexico car accident lawyers from Lerner and Rowe can help you receive maximum compensation for. Hammond. It is the only FDA approved drug for treatment of painful. This duty of care is a major tenant of tort law, and those who breach this duty can be held liable in civil litigation. When the amount you want to sue your landlord for exceeds your small claims court's limit. Assess your pain, suffering, and other compensatory damages and punitive damages. FREE Case Review (866) 588-0600 Call Today for a FREE Confidential Case Review, Toll-Free 24/7 (866) 588-0600Our attorneys are extremely knowledgeable about medical issues and skilled at proving fault, documenting the extent of your losses, and ensuring that your family receives full compensation. The Manufacturers of Elmiron should be held accountable for their negligence, and The Attorney Direct is committed to helping those who have been affected receive the compensation they deserve. The Pendleton Law Team Is Here For You 804-250-5050. Call (619) 295-0035 today to schedule your free consultation with a San Diego Elmiron attorney. Such laws include the statute of limitations, which tells you how long you have to file a claim. It was later in 2018 that she noticed her vision had begun deteriorating at an alarming rate. Uloric Lawsuit. Save. Kaiser Found Serious Retinal Maculopathy in 22 of the 91 Elmiron® Users. You may not be able to work anymore, or you may. The signs of Elmiron-related vision loss could include: Difficulty seeing in low light. The maximum amount in most small claims courts is somewhere between $4,000 and $10,000. Elmiron Lawyers in St Louis, MO. Not enough matches for Augusta Elmiron lawyer. Firefighter protective gear. If you or a loved one was. Our team uses world-renowned medical experts to obtain maximum. Based in Augusta, Georgia, the law firm of Shawn P. So, don’t wait to contact our trial ready attorneys!The dangerous drug attorneys at Hodes Milman are currently accepting claims for anyone who has suffered eye damage after taking Elmiron. In May 2020, Tina Pisco filed an Elmiron lawsuit against Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Johnson & Johnson. Discovery for the three bellwether cases is required to be concluded by September 9, 2022 and cases will then proceed to court. C. Has There Been a Recall on Elmiron? Despite very strong evidence presented by researchers that Elmiron causes eye injury, Elmiron has faced no recalls. Email Us. The Carlson Law Firm has been representing victims of dangerous drugs like Elmiron for more than 40 years. With interstitial cystitis a common condition in. Benefits are available for up to 20 weeks. Divorce Lawyers;As of October 2022, over 250,000 lawsuits have been filed against 3M by U. Welcome to the U. Elmiron has been prescribed to millions of people worldwide since being placed on the market in 1996. Maculopathy cited by Wisconsin pentosan lawyer in eye damage litigationAn Elmiron lawsuit demands compensation from the drug manufacturer for failure to warn about the dangerous side effects of taking the drug. Huntsville, AL Attorney. Price Armstrong is a nationwide law firm specializing in complex litigation cases including class action, whistleblower and stockbroker fraud. $47. Paraquat lawyers across the country are filing on behalf of people who’ve suffered from Parkinson’s Disease and other conditions, and their claims are being consolidated in the Paraquat MDL. . Mercer University Walter F. This is an active lawsuit. Adams Sheila White Chavis Vance Edward Jennings. These eye disorders that damage your retina may be irreversible. When you need a Philadelphia Elmiron lawsuit attorney, contact us for a free consultation of your case or by calling (215) 228-0100. For many people, thinking about filing an asbestos claim brings up questions about the outcome: the likelihood of receiving a settlement, of going to trial, of winning or losing. Hire the team of professional Elmiron lawyers in St Louis, MO for any damage entitled to financial compensation that you deserve. Furthermore, it is an unfortunate fact that the threat of litigation is often the only effective way to pressure a large company to prioritize consumer safety over profits. Open for Business. Call For A Free Consultation Available 24/7. Elmiron Lawyers in New Augusta at Attorney Motion are ready to help with the Elmiron lawsuit. If you’ve sustained vision loss as a result of Elmiron use, an Elmiron lawsuit lawyer in Virginia Beach can help you pursue compensation for your injuries. Near or total blindness. The Willis Law Firm is based in Houston, Texas with a strong national presence and recognition. This content has been archived. Call Today For a Free Accident Consultation. AVAILABLE 24/7 Se Habla EspañolAs a trial lawyer, Mr. Email Us. Judge Nancy Rosenstengel has ordered plaintiff lawyers in the Paraquat Lawsuit to provide information on how many of their clients are deceased . Those who have been injured due to. 7562 for a free evaluation. These lawsuits allege that exposure to glyphosate (the active ingredient in Roundup) causes non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other types of cancer. Lawyers: David Jones William A. Bankruptcy Lawyers; Roundup Lawyers; Elmiron Lawyers; Firefighting Foam Lawyers;Civil Litigation Lawyers at 3615 Walton Way Ext, Augusta, GA 30909. Get your Elmiron claim started today. Mathew Austin Jackson. The benefits of bellwether trials are abundant. These estimates are only projections based on prior results in dangerous drug lawsuits. military veterans, current service members, and others, alleging that the design of 3M Combat Arms earplugs was defective. Workers' Compensation. Lee Coleman has been a practicing attorney for over 30 years. If you experience these or any other signs of a retina condition after taking Elmiron, contact the defective drug lawyers at Ferrer Poirot Feller Daniel today. Location. Utah. You can check Nolo's 50-state chart of small claims court limits or call your local court clerk to find out how much you can sue for in your local small claims court. Bankruptcy Lawyers; Roundup Lawyers; Elmiron Lawyers; Firefighting Foam Lawyers; Hernia Mesh Lawyers; Talcum Powder Lawyers; Zantac Lawyers; Social Security Disability Lawyers;Individuals in Austin who match this description are eligible for free, no-obligation case reviews with an attorney handling Elmiron vision lawsuit claims for Austin residents. If you were in an accident in Georgia, contact Alexander Shunnarah Trial Attorneys at 1-800-229-7989. 706-550-9106. 2,524 Reviews. Nicholson Revell LLP. If you have used Elmiron and believe your vision may have been affected as a result, you deserve compensation for your losses. Established in 1933, we are a firm of over 100 attorneys in offices throughout New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, including experienced trial attorneys that you can meet and talk to about your case and possible Elmiron settlement. Save. Call or text 877-239-4878 or complete a Free Case Evaluation form. Learn more. The Law Offices of Tim Misny. He also works with senior attorneys at the firm on complex trial matters. The Richard Harris Personal Injury Law Firm is handling lawsuits for anyone who has taken Elmiron and suffered from vision damage or loss. Taxotere Eye Injury Lawsuit. Our lawyers are ready to assist you. Like all injury claims, most asbestos cases will reach an out-of-court settlement or some other resolution before a trial needs to take place, but asbestos cases also. S. He is one of the region’s most pronounced attorneys and knows the ins-and-outs of all things personal injury. Connecticut Elmiron Attorneys Suing If Elmiron Caused Your Maculopathy. . No matter what type of case you have, you may contact us with confidence by filling out the email contact form below or calling us directly by dialing toll free 24 hrs/day (866) 920-0753. 5. 5. Mercer University Walter F. The Elmiron lawsuit lawyers from our firm make paying for their services incredibly easy, because they operate on a contingency-fee basis. Over the last 25 years, hundreds of thousands of people have been prescribed Elmiron (pentosan polysulfate sodium) for their bladder inflammation caused by intestinal cysts (IC), also known as painful bladder. A Firm with Deep Roots. Litigation, MDL 2973) was established in the U. Free Consultation. Contact the Elmiron Lawyers from TorHoerman Law. Ga. Learn More. HERNIA MESH. The Elmiron Injury Claim Lawyer, And Elmiron Vision Loss Lawyer Will Fight For Compensation For Your Injuries. IC is a chronic medical condition that causes serious pain and pressure in the bladder. For the best results, you need the best Maine bicycle accident. Please call us for a no-cost consultation at (702) 444-4444 or complete. What are they? Fixed hourly rates, Fixed fees available. Difficulty reading. Hudson. As a leading member of our mass torts team, Tyler has either assisted, managed, or currently manages the following litigations for TorHoerman Law: Camp Lejeune Water Contamination Lawsuit. Elmiron Lawsuit Patients taking Elmiron may develop a rare but serious eye disease called retinal maculopathy Free Case Evaluation You will never be charged a fee unless a recovery is made for you. Search by name, legal topic, and/or location, to find the legal counsel that is right for you. Read a summary of Maine Bicycle and Pedestrian Laws.